Pre Achemenid Bronze Mesomphalos Phiale

Circa 7th century BC This ribbed omphalos bowl represents a significant form of ancient metalwork that became particularly prominent during the Achaemenid period. The distinctive features include radial fluting extending from a central raised boss (omphalos) and a shallow, wide form characteristic of ceremonial drinking vessels.  The bowl is constructed through several metalworking processes:  The base form was likely created through hammering and raising techniques to achieve the shallow bowl shape.  The distinctive radial ribbing was produced through repoussé work, where the metal was pushed outward from the interior.  The central omphalos (raised boss) was formed by pushing the metal outward to create a dome-like protrusion.  The surface shows evidence of patination, with areas of oxidation giving it the characteristic green-brown coloring.  Mesomphalos literally means "an omphalos in the middle" or "a handle from within". The term specifically refers to the central raised mound or