Recombinant Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 11B (TNFRSF11B) Protein (hFc-Flag), Active

Product Overview Description Recombinant Human Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily Member 11B (TNFRSF11B) Protein (hFc-Flag), Active is produced by our Mammalian cell expression system. This is a full length protein. Purity Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE. Endotoxin Less than 1.0 EU/ug as determined by LAL method. Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized TNFSF11 ) at 10 μg/ml can bind human TNFRSF11B, the EC 50 is 2.651-7.646 ng/ml. Uniprotkb O00300 Target Symbol TNFRSF11B Synonyms (Osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor)(Osteoprotegerin)(OCIF)(OPG) Species Homo sapiens (Human) Expression System Mammalian cell Tag C-hFc-Flag Target Protein Sequence ETFPPKYLHYDEETSHQLLCDKCPPGTYLKQHCTAKWKTVCAPCPDHYYTDSWHTSDECLYCSPVCKELQYVKQECNRTHNRVCECKEGRYLEIEFCLKHRSCPPGFGVVQAGTPERNTVCKRCPDGFFSNETSSKAPCRKHTNCSVFGLLLTQKGNATHDNICSGNSESTQKCGIDVTLCEEAFFRFAVPTKFTPNWLSVLVDNLPGTKVNAESVERIKRQHSSQEQTFQLLKLWKHQNKDQDIVKKIIQDIDLCENSVQRHIGHANLTFEQLRSLMESLPGKKVGAEDIEKTIKACKPSDQILKLLSLWRIKNGDQDTLKGLMHALKHSKTYHFPKTVTQSLKKTIRFLHSFTMYKLYQKLFLEMIGNQVQSVKISCL Expression Range 22-401aa Protein Length Full Length of Mature Protein Mol. Weight 73.5 kDa Form Lyophilized powder Buffer Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered PBS, 6% Trehalose, pH 7.4 Reconstitution Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%. Storage 1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C. Notes Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. Target Details Target Function Acts as decoy receptor for TNFSF11/RANKL and thereby neutralizes its function in osteoclastogenesis. Inhibits the activation of osteoclasts and promotes osteoclast apoptosis in vitro. Bone homeostasis seems to depend on the local ratio between TNFSF11 and TNFRSF11B. May also play a role in preventing arterial calcification. May act as decoy receptor for TNFSF10/TRAIL and protect against apoptosis. TNFSF10/TRAIL binding blocks the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis. Subcellular Location Secreted. Database References HGNC: 11909 OMIM: 239000 KEGG: hsa:4982 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000297350 UniGene: Hs.81791 Associated Diseases Paget disease of bone 5, juvenile-onset (PDB5) Tissue Specificity Highly expressed in adult lung, heart, kidney, liver, spleen, thymus, prostate, ovary, small intestine, thyroid, lymph node, trachea, adrenal gland, testis, and bone marrow. Detected at very low levels in brain, placenta and skeletal muscle. Highly expres Gene Functions References REVIEW: role of osteoprotegerin in the crosstalk between vessels and bone: circulating OPG levels could be used as independent biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in patients with acute or chronic cardiometabolic disease and thus an improved prognosis PMID: 28867452 OPG is one promising susceptibility gene of bone mineral density or osteoporotic fractures. PMID: 28496203 The concentration of circulating osteoprotegerin can be a biomarker for both medial artery calcification and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD); OPG might be an early indicator of all-cause mortality in CKD patients with advanced medial arterial calcification PMID: 29974642 We conclude that non-small cell lung cancer patients have a higher content of OPG in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid than healthy people. PMID: 29052177 positive correlation of OPG with age and an inverse correlation with IGF-I favor the compensatory response of OPG against bone loss in the aging skeleton PMID: 29895074 The results indicated that mice treated with low levels of human recombinant OPG may have a more stable aneurysmal phenotype due to compensatory production of collagen and increased vessel wall thickness of the aorta, potentially protecting the aneurysm from rupture. PMID: 29749489 TNF-alpha, DKK1, and OPG have roles in pathogenesis of knee osteoarthritis PMID: 28676900 OPG mRNA expression was higher in tumour tissue from patients with metastatic prostate cancer compared to local disease. The RANKL/OPG ratio was low in normal prostate tissue and high in tumours with bone metastases. Expression was high in BPH tissue but did not exceed as much as in the tumour tissue. PMID: 29204705 results of this study concluded that the RANK, RANK-L and OPG system participates in bone remodeling after RME PMID: 29297549 In cardiovascular risks, OPG serum level might increase as a preventive compensatory mechanism to neutralize the RANKL level increment. The determination of the OPG-RANKL system is a diagnostic indicator for the intensity of vascular calcification and atherosclerosis in SSc patients. PMID: 29336616 Demonstrate that rs3134069 in TNFRSF11B increases risk of ischemic stroke by decreasing TNFRSF11B expression. PMID: 29501268 sRANKL and OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as metabolic disturbance PMID: 28146138 The study revealed an enhanced sensitivity of aortic valve interstitial cells to osteogenic inductors in aortic stenosis patients, which indicates probable implication of OPN, OPG, and BMP2 genes in pathogenesis of aortic valve calcification. PMID: 29308559 Patients with metabolic syndrome have increased osteoprotegerin serum levels than healthy individuals; osteoprotegerin plays an important role in the development of arteriosclerosis, and the effect of osteoprotegerin on intima media thickness strongly depends on the extent of arteriosclerotic changes in metabolic syndrome PMID: 29077157 In African-Americans, higher OPG levels were associated with characteristics common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and were significantly associated with known precursors to HFpEF. PMID: 28787318 rs2073618 not associated with bone mineral density PMID: 28488893 TRACP-5b level is significantly associated with the OPG level and with the severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis in coronary artery disease patients PMID: 28428481 Vascular smooth cells are a significant source of osteoprotegerin within the vasculature but that RANKL, once present, downregulates this production and appears capable of preventing the "protective" upregulation of OPG seen with VSMCs exposed to physiological levels of cyclic strain. PMID: 29635231 higher serum OPG levels represent an independent risk factor for cardiovascular and fracture risk. PMID: 28677166 For the OPG gene, an association was observed between the group with chronic arthralgia and joint TMD and the control group (P=0.04). There was also a tendency towards an association of the haplotype CGCCAA with an increased risk of developing chronic joint pain, even in the absence of TMD (P=0.06). PMID: 28464982 Vitamin D, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, receptor activator of nuclear factor-KB ligand (RANKL), and OPG levels were determined in GCF and serum. Baseline clinical parameters were similar in all periodontitis groups (P > 0.05) but were higher than that in controls PMID: 28904316 Adipose-derived stem cell-released osteoprotegerin protects cardiomyocytes from reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. PMID: 28931423 down-regulated miR-143-5p promotes the differentiation of DPSCs into odontoblasts by enhancing Runx2 expression via the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. PMID: 28608628 OPG and OPG/TRAIL ratio expression were significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to controls (fold change = 1.79, p = 0.013 and 2.07, p = 0.030, respectively), RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly decreased (fold change = 0.50, p = 0.020). No significant differences were found between patients and controls in RANKL and TRAIL expression. PMID: 27403809 Elevated OPG was a strong and independent predictor of longterm cardiovascular mortality, even after adjustment for traditional risk factors. Low levels of both OPG and act vWF were associated with a 99 % survival rate during the follow-up of five years. PMID: 28726980 This study revealed a significant elevation of circulating OPG in septic patients with different levels of severity and those who progressed to AKI. PMID: 28840836 Studied association between osteoprotegerin gene polymorphisms and osteoporosis in Roma and non-Roma postmenopausal women in Eastern Slovakia. PMID: 27859736 In type 2 diabetes patients HMGB-1 and OPG serum levels are higher in patients affected by peripheral arterial disease and independently associated with its occurrence and clinical severity PMID: 28789654 The epicardial adipose tissue expresses the mRNA of osteopontin, osteoprotegerin, and osteonectin genes that have been implicated in the calcification process; such expression is statistically associated with some components of HDL subclasses in coronary artery disease patients. PMID: 28821297 Serum osteoprotegerin level is significantly associated with both the presence and severity of peripheral arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. PMID: 29313442 Serum osteoprotegerin was the strongest risk factor associated with new development and rapid progression of arterial calcification in incident peritoneal dialysis patients. PMID: 28614819 concluded that in Mexican-Mestizo female patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the rs2073618 polymorphism of the TNRFS11B gene is not associated with low bone mineral density PMID: 28758134 Osteoprotegerin was associated with chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients. PMID: 28683789 Data suggest that, in children with type I diabetes, serum levels of osteoprotegerin are up-regulated, serum levels of RANKL are unchanged, and serum levels of fetuin-A are down-regulated. (RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) PMID: 27028343 Data indicate a significant inverse relationship between plasma osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels and breast cancer risk among women with an inherited BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. PMID: 27893411 Progressive calcification of atherosclerotic plaques is accompanied by insignificant accumulation of calcitonin and osteoprotegerin, whereas the osteocalcin expression significantly increased during calcification. PMID: 28429221 Elevated serum ferritin concentrations and bone remodeling marker, osteoprotegerin, are independent predictors of hip fracture in postmenopausal women hospitalized for fragility fracture. PMID: 27503623 Results showed that colorectal liver metastasis tissues exhibited significantly reduced expression of osteoprotegerin compared to primary colorectal carcinomas and normal colorectal mucosa. This reduced expression was significantly associated with the extent of colorectal liver metastasis, including multiplicity of metastatic tumors, involvement of the bilateral hepatic lobes, and higher histological grade. PMID: 27764814 Data indicate that the RANKL/RANK/OPG system is deregulated in post-menopausal women at high risk for breast cancer and in women with circulating tumor cells. Thus, serum levels of RANKL/OPG are potentially indicative of predisposition and progression of breast cancer in humans. PMID: 28002811 High OPG expression is associated with triple negative breast cancer. PMID: 27015557 show for the first time that OPG improves risk stratification for cardiovascular events in a non-dialysis chronic kidney disease population PMID: 27016924 OPG has a role in cancer progression, especially breast cancer [review] PMID: 27072583 OPG rs2073618 polymorphism could be a possible genetic marker for the prediction of increased risk for carotid plaque burden as a measure of advanced subclinical atherosclerosis in T2DM subjects. PMID: 28593808 The compound with greatest potential is E05657 with high activity and low effective concentration in the HTS system. It increases the OPG/RANKL ratio and OPG secretion, decreases the NFATc1 expression, and reduces osteoclastogenesis in vitro PMID: 27301430 OPG T950C polymorphism might be associated with an increased osteoporosis risk in the Chinese population PMID: 29253005 We have concluded that low OPG levels may be associated with osteoporosis in ulcerative colitis, but it is not correlated with the c.-223C > T polymorphism in the TNFRSF11B gene. PMID: 27639566 RANKL/Osteoprotegerin have roles in bone turnover in Hashimoto Thyroiditis PMID: 27328677 High OPG expression is associated with colorectal carcinoma. PMID: 26942563 Data suggest that elevated plasma levels of osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B correlate with increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (as compared to healthy control subjects); thus, osteoprotegerin/TNFRSF11B may serve as biomarker of cardiovascular risk in these patients. This study was conducted in Tunisia. PMID: 27111559 Studies showed that the central hypothalamic-pituitary regulatory system, via it's relative hormones, seems to control OPG/RANKL/RANK system function, and the pulsatility and circadian rhythmicity of these hormones may induce an oscillatory fluctuation of the OPG/ RANKL ratio. Also, psycological characteristics may provoke a shift of the OPG/ RANKL ratio towards an unbalanced or a balanced status. [review] PMID: 27862210