China, Xin Dynasty, Emperor Wang Mang, Huo Quan Cash Coin - c. 14 to 23 CE - Ancient China

These ancient Chinese "Huo Quan" coins date back to the reign of Emperor Wang Mang (7–23 CE), whose most significant contribution to China’s monetary system was plunging it into chaos. Wang Mang came to power by usurping Ruzi, the child emperor of the Han dynasty, for whom he was supposed to serve as regent until the emperor was old enough to rule. Wang Mang then declared himself the founder of the Xin dynasty and introduced sweeping reforms, including changes to the nation's money. The new emperor aimed to phase out the Wu Zhu, a popular type of bronze coin that had been used for centuries under the Han dynasty. Between 9 and 10 CE, Wang Mang introduced a complex and confusing currency system involving tortoise shells, cowrie shells, gold, silver, and a reintroduction of the old spade money. This new system was disliked by the Chinese population, who continued to use the old Han Wu Zhu coins despite Wang Mang threatening exile for doing so. Eventually, in 14 CE, he relented and reinst