Catnip (Nepeta cataria)

Catnip (Nepeta cataria) is a perennial herb in the mint family (Lamiaceae). It is native to Europe and is now naturalized in many parts of North America. Catnip is well-known for its effects on cats, but it also has various other uses and benefits. Catnip has square stems that grow to a height of about 2 to 3 feet (0.6 to 0.9 meters). The leaves are opposite, heart-shaped, and have a scalloped or toothed margin. The leaves and stems of the plant are covered with fine hairs that give them a gray-green color. Catnip produces small clusters of white or pale purple flowers with characteristic spots or stripes. Effects on Cats: Catnip contains a chemical compound called nepetalactone, which produces a unique response in cats. When cats smell or consume catnip, it often triggers a range of behaviors, including rolling, rubbing, jumping, and increased playfulness. These reactions are temporary and usually last for about 10-15 minutes, after which cats become temporarily immune to its effects.