Cocle Gold Pennanular Nose Ornament

Panama Circa 500 to 1520 AD   Circular open ended gold rod with two horned animal form termini at either end and with groupings of legs and barbs all around circumference.   Size 1-1/4 in (3.17cm) L.;  18k; weight  5.66g. The XRF elemental analysis shown in the image is highly consistent with pre-Columbian metallurgy practices. The sample appears to be gold with the following composition:Gold (Au): 76.5 ± 0.4%Silver (Ag): 11.8 ± 0.5%Copper (Cu): 11.30 ± 0.24%Iron (Fe): 0.39 ± 0.14% Provenance: From the estate of Christian Illies (1947-2014), Opelika, Alabama who inherited the collection from his grandfather, Ferdinand Grebien (1877-1976).  Christian Illies’ grandfather, Ferdinand Grebien was born in Austria in 1887 and arrived in Panama in 1911 to work on the construction of the canal. In Colon he founded Grebien, Martinz, a major private construction firm, (with more than 1000 employees) that went on tobuild many major institutions in Panama, including the Municipal Palace of the  Dis