1856 Physical Chart of the Pacific Ocean

This chart is called Physical Chart of the Pacific Ocean. It was published in Edinburgh in the second edition of Johnston's Physical Atlas of Natural Phenomena, by William Blackwood & Sons in 1856. This chart is another of Johnston's masterful works depicting the oceans of the world. It provides water temperature, currents of air and water and the direction of their flow, wind directions are clearly detailed. It also includes districts of hurricanes, regions of monsoons and typhoons along with explanatory note of map markings. An inset entitled 'Explanation of the Signs' provides detailed information regarding voyages of the 18th and early 19th centuries which are denoted on the chart.   Alexander Keith Johnston's Physical Atlas of Natural Phenomena was probably  the most comprehensive geographic work of its day focusing on natural science. Johnston described the motivations and focus of his work in the preface as follows; The object originally contemplated in this work was to pres